It depends on the construction of the motor. If the field winding is connected in series with the armature winding, the motor is like a universal motor and will probably operate normally. If the field winding is connected in parallel with the armature, the motor will not run, but will draw current, make noise and get hot.
Shunt wound DC motors are not suitable for AC operation because the difference in inductance between the armature and the field causes a relative phase shift between the armature current and the field current. For a DC motor to operate with AC current, the armature and field currents must reverse at exactly the same time, as they do when the windings are connected in series. For reasonably good performance, the cores need to be laminated and the brush position needs to be set to 90 degrees.
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